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HIGHWAY MATERIALS AND THE SUB GRADE SOIL

HIGHWAY MATERIALS Highway materials are those materials that are used for the construction of roads. One should be well informed about the materials that are used for the construction of highways, quality of the materials, proportions of the materials, strength etc in order to construct a good highway. Highway materials can be classified on three categories. They are: 1)     Mineral materials: subgrade soil, sand, aggregates, brick pebbles etc are the mineral materials. 2)     Binding materials: cohesive soil, Cement, lime, tar, asphalt etc are the binding materials. 3)     Other miscellaneous materials: reinforcing steel, timber, bricks, gabion wires etc are also used while constructing the highway. SUBGRADE SOIL Sub grade soil refers to the soil below the paved road or simply the gravel type road. Thus, it is one of the integral parts of the road pavement structure.   For a road to be stable and durable, subgrade soi...
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OPEN CHANNEL FLOW

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  OPEN CHANNELS A n open channel can be defined as the structure through which the upper portion of liquid flows freely exposed to the atmosphere and under the atmospheric pressure. The flow of water through the open channel which has certain bed slope is purely due to the action of gravity and pressure difference plays no role in the flow of water like of closed channels or as like in pipe flow. Open channels can be natural like rivers, streams or it can be artificial. While artificial refers to the man made features like canals, culverts etc. Mostly rectangular or trapezoidal shape is preferred while designing the open channels. But due to the high discharge rate of circular shaped channel for given area is highest, it is also constructed sometimes .While constructing irrigation canals, open type is preferred with rectangular or trapezoidal in shape and while constructing sewer, an oval or egg shape is preferred. While constructing sewer, an open type is preferred due ...
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ISTANBUL AIRPORT

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TURKISH INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (ALSO CALLED AS ISTANBUL AIRPORT) Turkey is also known as the Republic of Turkey. It is surrounded by eight countries. Iraq and Syria lies to the west, Georgia to the northeast, Armenia and Iran with Azerbaijan to the east and Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest. The official language of Turkey is Turkish. Ankara is the capital city of Turkey whereas Istanbul is the largest city of the country. The ethnic groups are Turks, Kurds, Arabs, Laz including various other tribes. The total area of Turkey is 783,356 sq. km. Ataturk International Airport and Sabiha Gokcen Airport are the two international airports located in Istanbul and currently On October of 2018, the largest international airport in world was inaugurated with first flight on 31 st October 2018. So, in this blog we are going to discuss about the newly opened largest airport ever built, known as the Istanbul Airport. Due to the air traffic congestion, this airport was planned to be bui...
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